The Ultimate Guide to Exploring Upper Mustang: Nepal's Best-Kept Secret
The Upper Mustang trek is an incredible journey for trekkers. It leads to the ancient, secluded kingdom of Mustang, Nepal. Unlike other popular treks such as the Everest Base Camp , Annapurna Base Camp or Manaslu Circuit Trek. Upper Mustang stands out for its unique desert landscapes, Tibetan-influenced culture, and remote terrain. This guide covers all you need for an unforgettable trek. It includes the itinerary, gear, prep tips, and more.
Table of Contents
Highlights of the Upper Mustang Trek
1. Lo Manthang
Lo Manthang is an ancient, walled city in Upper Mustang. It is the cultural center of the Region and features traditional Tibetan architecture, including the royal palace and historic monasteries. The city’s old buildings and lively locals show its rich history and culture.
2. Tiji Festival
The Tiji Festival is held annually in Lo Manthang. It’s a vibrant celebration of Tibetan Buddhist traditions. The festival includes dances, rituals, and ceremonies depicting local legends. It offers a unique cultural experience and is a great opportunity to witness the region’s vibrant cultural heritage.
3. Ancient Monasteries
Upper Mustang is home to essential monasteries like Namgyal and Ghar Gompa. These monasteries are vital to the region’s spirit and famous for their beautiful, historic architecture. They also provide insight into Tibetan Buddhist practices and local traditions.
4. Desert-Like Terrain
Upper Mustang’s landscape is characterized by its stark, desert-like terrain, which includes expansive sand dunes, rugged cliffs, and deep gorges. The barren yet beautiful land creates a unique, otherworldly atmosphere.
5. Chele La and Taklam La Passes
These high-altitude passes, Chele La and Taklam La, offer great views. They overlook the Himalayas and the Mustang landscape. The challenging trek across these passes brings stunning views and a sense of achievement.
6. Kali Gandaki River Valley
It follows the Kali Gandaki River Valley, known for its deep, dramatic geological formations. The valley has unique rock formations and stunning views, making the trek visually captivating.
7. Traditional Tibetan Villages
Villages like Kagbeni, Ghami, and Tsarang show traditional Tibetan life and architecture. These villages offer a glimpse into local life. You can interact with residents and experience their customs and routines.
8. Mani Walls and Chortens
Mani walls and chortens (stupas) are essential to Tibetan Buddhism. They are common along the trekking route. Mani walls are large, inscribed structures with mantras. Chortens are sacred stupas. They are spiritual markers and show the Buddhist faith.
9. Stargazing
The high altitude and clear skies of Upper Mustang make it perfect for stargazing. The lack of light pollution and crisp air offer vivid night sky views. The stars and celestial phenomena are stunning.
Best Time to Trek Upper Mustang
The best times for the Upper Mustang trek are spring (March-May) and autumn (September-November). These months offer stable weather and clear views while avoiding the monsoon season.
Upper Mustang Trek Itinerary
Day 1: Fly from Pokhara to Jomsom and Trek to Kagbeni
- Flight: Enjoy a 20-minute scenic flight from Pokhara to Jomsom. It offers spectacular views of the Himalayas.
- Trek to Kagbeni: Start your trek with a 2-hour walk to Kagbeni (2,800m). The trail follows the Kali Gandaki River and offers views of the arid landscape. Kagbeni, a charming village with Tibetan architecture, is the gateway to Upper Mustang.
Day 2: Kagbeni to Chele
- Trek Duration: Approximately 6-7 hours.
- Route: The path ascends gradually through narrow valleys and passes traditional settlements. You’ll cross several small passes, changing the landscape from lower Mustang to higher altitudes.
- Altitude: Reach Chele (3,050m), a small village with great views but few amenities.
Day 3: Chele to Syanbochen
- Trek Duration: About 6-7 hours.
- Route: This day includes crossing high passes like Sibung La and Taklam La. These passes offer panoramic views of the surrounding peaks. The terrain is rugged, with significant elevation gain.
- Altitude: Arrive at Syanbochen (3,475m). The landscape becomes more barren and desert-like.
Day 4: Syanbochen to Ghami
- Trek Duration: 5-6 hours.
- Route: The trail continues through dramatic landscapes, including deep gorges and high plateaus. Cross the Chele La and Ghami La passes. Ghami is a large village in Upper Mustang. It has an impressive mani wall and a wall of inscribed prayer stones.
- Altitude: Reach Ghami (3,520m).
Day 5: Ghami to Tsarang
- Trek Duration: 5-6 hours.
- Route: Trek through dry terrain with striking rock formations and ancient chortens. The path leads to Tsarang, a village with Tibetan architecture and a large monastery.
- Altitude: Arrive at Tsarang (3,620m).
Day 6: Tsarang to Lo Manthang
- Trek Duration: 5-6 hours.
- Route: The trail climbs to the walled city of Lo Manthang, crosses high desert landscapes, and offers distant views of the city walls and the royal palace.
- Altitude: Arrive at Lo Manthang (3,840m). Lo Manthang is known for its rich cultural heritage and historical significance.
Day 7: Explore Lo Manthang
- Activities: Spend a day exploring Lo Manthang. Visit the royal palace, local monasteries (like Namgyal Monastery), and ancient caves. Optional excursions include visiting nearby villages or participating in local cultural events.
- Altitude: Acclimatization day to help adjust to the high altitude.
Day 8: Lo Manthang to Dhakmar
- Trek Duration: 5-6 hours.
- Route: Trek back towards Jomsom, passing through Dhakmar. This section includes dramatic red cliffs and ancient cave dwellings.
- Altitude: Arrive at Dhakmar (3,820m).
Day 9: Dhakmar to Syanbochen
- Trek Duration: 5-6 hours.
- Route: Retrace your steps to Syanbochen and enjoy new views of the terrain you crossed. The return route offers different views and is generally easier.
Day 10: Syanbochen to Chhusang
- Trek Duration: 5-6 hours.
- Route: Continue down to Chhusang. Pass through charming villages, and enjoy the changing landscape as you descend to lower altitudes.
- Altitude: Reach Chhusang (2,920m).
Day 11: Chhusang to Jomsom
- Trek Duration: About 4-5 hours.
- Route: The final stretch takes you back to Jomsom. Enjoy the easier descent and the beautiful views along the Kali Gandaki River.
- Altitude: Arrive back at Jomsom.
Day 12: Fly from Jomsom to Pokhara
Flight: Enjoy a scenic flight back to Pokhara, where you can relax and explore the city.
Upper Mustang Trek Cost Breakdown
1. Permits
- Annapurna Conservation Area Permit (ACAP): $30
- You need this permit to trek in the Annapurna region, including Upper Mustang.
- Restricted Area Permit: $500 USD (first ten days), then $50 USD per additional day
- The Restricted Area Permit is needed to enter Upper Mustang, a protected region.
2. Guide and Porter
- Guide: $30-40 USD per day
- A licensed guide is mandatory for the Upper Mustang trek. They assist with navigation, local insights, and communication.
- Porter: $20-25 USD per day
- A porter carries your main luggage, making the trek more comfortable. Typically, one porter is needed for every two trekkers.
3. Accommodation
- Teahouse Lodging: $5-10 USD per night
- Basic accommodations are available in teahouses along the trekking route. Prices can vary based on location and season.
4. Food
- Meals: $20-30 USD per day
- Meals at teahouses include breakfast, lunch, and dinner. The cost can vary depending on the food you choose and whether you opt for additional snacks or drinks.
5. Flights
- Pokhara to Jomsom (Round Trip): $120-150 USD
- The flight from Pokhara to Jomsom is scenic. The road can be rough and slow, so it’s needed.
6. Miscellaneous Costs
- Travel Insurance: Varies based on coverage.
- Ensure your insurance covers high-altitude trekking and emergency evacuation.
- Visa Fees: A Nepalese tourist visa costs $30-100 USD, depending on the length of stay.
- Gear and Equipment: Costs depend on what you own versus what you must buy or rent.
- Tips are optional but customary for guides and porters. Typically, guides receive $10-20 USD daily, and porters receive $5-10 USD daily.
Total Estimated Cost for Upper Mustang
- Permits: $530 USD (for ten days) + $50 USD per additional day
- Guide and Porter: $50-65 USD per day
- Accommodation: $60-120 USD for ten nights
- Food: $200-300 USD for ten days
- Flights: $120-150 USD (round trip)
- Miscellaneous Costs: Variable
Overall Estimate: $1,500 to $2,500 USD
The total cost depends on your trek’s length, extra days, and upgrades. It also includes personal spending. This breakdown gives a rough idea of what to expect, but experiences may vary.
Gear List for Upper Mustang Trek
Packing the right gear is crucial for a safe and comfortable trek. Here’s what you’ll need:
1. Clothing
- Base Layer: Moisture-wicking thermals.
- Mid Layer: Fleece for trekking and a down jacket for cold nights.
- Outer Layer: Waterproof and windproof jacket.
- Trekking Boots: Waterproof, with good ankle support.
- Trekking Pants, socks, warm hat, gloves, and buff.
2. Backpack & Storage
- Backpack (40-50 liters) for daily essentials.
- Duffel Bag for porter to carry (70-90 liters).
- Waterproof pack covers/dry bags.
- Trekking Poles for balance on uneven terrain.
- Headlamp with extra batteries.
- Water Bottles or Hydration Bladder (2-3 liters).
- Water purification tablets.
4. Sleeping Gear
- Sleeping Bag (rated for -10°C or colder).
- Sleeping Bag Liner for added warmth.
5. Miscellaneous
- First Aid Kit with altitude sickness meds.
- Camera, power bank, sunscreen, and sunglasses.
- Snacks for extra energy.
Altitude Sickness and How to Prevent It
Altitude sickness, or Acute Mountain Sickness (AMS), is a risk on the Upper Mustang trek. You’ll be trekking above 3,000 meters. Symptoms can include headaches, dizziness, nausea, and fatigue. To avoid AMS:
- Ascend Gradually: Stick to your itinerary and avoid rapid ascents.
- Hydrate: Drink plenty of water throughout the trek.
- Avoid Alcohol and Smoking: These can worsen altitude sickness.
- Medication: Consider taking Diamox (after consulting a doctor) to help prevent symptoms.
- Rest Days: Include acclimatization days, especially in Lo Manthang.
If symptoms worsen, descend immediately and seek medical attention.
Preparation for Upper Mustang Trek
- Physical Training: Prepare by running, cycling, or swimming. Also, hike or climb stairs to strengthen your legs. Do this for 2-3 months before.
- Mental Prep: The trek can be challenging due to the remote, stark landscapes. Be prepared for simple accommodation and limited connectivity.
- Permits and Documents: Ensure you have all necessary permits before starting the trek. Carry a copy of your passport, permits, and travel insurance that covers trekking up to 4,000 meters.
Conclusion
The Upper Mustang trek is a unique adventure, offering trekkers an experience unlike any other in Nepal. It has stunning deserts, an ancient Tibetan culture, and Lo Manthang’s charm. It’s a must for anyone wanting to explore Nepal beyond the Everest and Annapurna Base Camps.
With the proper prep, gear, and mindset, you’re ready for an unforgettable journey in the “Last Forbidden Kingdom.”
Looking for more trekking inspiration? Check out our guide to the Langtang Valley Trek or discover hidden gems in Nepal’s lesser-known trails. To explore the world beyond the Himalayas, dive into our top picks for global trekking adventures. Each trail has its own unique charm and unforgettable experiences waiting for you.
Glimpses of the Upper Mustang Trek
(FAQs) about the Upper Mustang Trek
Moderate. The trail is not too steep, but the altitude and remoteness add to the challenge.
Typically, it’s a 12-14 day trek, including travel days.
You need the ACAP ($30) and a Restricted Area Permit ($500 for the first ten days).
No, solo trekking is not allowed. You must hire a guide.
Spring (March-May) and autumn (September-November) offer the best weather.
Lo Manthang is at 3,840 meters (12,600 ft).
Yes, but it can be managed by ascending gradually and staying hydrated.
The Upper Mustang trek costs between $1,500 and $2,500, depending on the length and services.
Simple teahouses provide basic accommodation and food along the route.
Ensure your insurance covers trekking up to 4,000 meters and emergency evacuation.
Temperatures can drop to -10°C or lower at night, especially in higher regions.
Electricity is available in some teahouses, but it’s unreliable. Bring a power bank.
Nepali and Tibetan dishes include dal bhat, noodles, and momos.
Ascend slowly, drink plenty of water, avoid alcohol, and consider taking Diamox.
Beautiful vlog
every details well explained about mustang
Lovely! Delighted with the beautiful view of upper mustang